Flames
CONDOR – Applications
The columns labelled G & W are from Gaydon and Wolfhard (1970) Flames: Their structure, radiation, and temperature, 3rd edition, Chapman and Hall, Ltd., London, p. 304. The results that Gaydon and Wolfhard give for CH4 + 2O2 are from Sachse and Bartholomé (1949 Z. Electrochem. 53, 183). Gayden and Wolfhard note that the OH mole fraction appears to be too high, and the results from CONDOR show this to be the case. The C2H2 + air flame is calculated for a stoichiometric mixture of C2H2 + O2 with the O2/N2 ratio fixed at that of dry air (20.946 % / 78.084 % = 0.268).
| Values of calculated temperature and composition of burnt gases for some typical flames at atmospheric pressure |
| Fuel + oxidizer |
H2 + 1/2 O2 |
H2 + NO |
CH4 + 2 O2 |
C2H2 + air |
C8H18 + 12 1/2 O2 |
CO + 1/2 O2 |
CO + N2O |
| |
G&W |
CONDOR |
G&W |
CONDOR |
G&W |
CONDOR |
G&W |
CONDOR |
G&W |
CONDOR |
G&W |
CONDOR |
G&W |
CONDOR |
| Temp. (K) |
3083 |
3113 |
3010 |
2523 |
3082 |
2973 |
2898 |
| H2O |
0.57 |
.576 |
0.35 |
0.360 |
0.37 |
0.414 |
0.07 |
0.0710 |
0.26 |
0.2911 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
| CO2 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
0.12 |
0.124 |
0.12 |
0.1190 |
0.14 |
0.1540 |
0.46 |
0.4579 |
0.25 |
0.2468 |
| CO |
– |
– |
– |
– |
0.15 |
0.149 |
0.04 |
0.0392 |
0.22 |
0.2148 |
0.35 |
0.3484 |
0.20 |
0.1982 |
| O2 |
0.05 |
0.0513 |
0.04 |
0.037 |
0.07 |
0.081 |
0.02 |
0.0158 |
0.09 |
0.1001 |
0.15 |
0.1540 |
0.08 |
0.07814 |
| H2 |
0.16 |
0.1514 |
0.12 |
0.123 |
0.07 |
0.068 |
0.00 |
3.77×10-3 |
0.05 |
0.0546 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
| OH |
0.10 |
0.1085 |
0.08 |
0.084 |
0.14 |
0.088 |
0.01 |
6.98×10-3 |
0.14 |
0.0911 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
| H |
0.08 |
0.0788 |
0.08 |
0.077 |
0.05 |
0.0426 |
0.00 |
1.71×10-3 |
0.05 |
0.0472 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
| O |
0.04 |
0.0338 |
0.04 |
0.0316 |
0.03 |
0.033 |
0.00 |
2.04×10-3 |
0.05 |
0.0471 |
0.04 |
0.0405 |
0.02 |
0.0220 |
| NO |
– |
– |
0.02 |
0.014 |
– |
– |
0.01 |
6.64×10-3 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
0.02 |
0.0198 |
| N2 |
– |
– |
0.27 |
0.274 |
– |
– |
0.73 |
0.7339 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
0.43 |
0.435 |
| Values of calculated temperature and composition of burnt H2 + Cl2 at atmospheric pressure. Values are for a stoichiometric mixture. |
| Fuel + Oxidizer |
H2 + Cl2 |
|
G & W |
CONDOR |
| Temp. (K) |
2503 |
| H2 |
0.04 |
0.0379 |
| H |
1×10-2 |
4.96×10-3 |
| HCl |
0.87 |
0.8595 |
| Cl |
0.08 |
0.0794 |
| Cl2 |
6×10-4 |
5.34×10-4 |
Chemistry in Sulfur-Bearing Flames
| Chemistry in an H2S-O2-N2 Flame 1355 K, 75 mmHg (0.099 atm) |
|
Mole Fractions |
| Gas |
CONDOR |
Observed |
| N2 |
0.759 |
0.765 |
| O2 |
0.101 |
0.100 |
| SO2 |
0.069 |
0.066 |
| H2O |
0.069 |
0.069 |
| H2 |
1.4×10-7 |
0 |
| H2S |
5.9×10-17 |
0 |
| The observed values are from Figure 1 of E.L. Merryman and A. Levy (1971) Proceedings of the 2nd International Ckean Air Congress, pp. 361-370. |
| Chemistry in a CH3SH-O2-N2 Flame 1780 K, 75 mmHg (0.099 atm) |
|
Mole Fractions |
| Gas |
CONDOR |
Observed |
| N2 |
0.702 |
0.704 |
| H2O |
0.109 |
0.112 |
| O2 |
0.076 |
0.076 |
| SO2 |
0.055 |
0.056 |
| CO2 |
0.055 |
0.052 |
| CO |
1.0×10-4 |
0 |
| The observed values are from Figure 3 of Merryman and Levy (1971). |